预防性护理在特重型脑外伤鼻饲患者中的应用效果(1)
[摘要]目的 探讨预防性护理在特重型脑外伤鼻饲患者中的应用效果。方法 选取我院2016年4月～2017年10月接诊的62例特重型脑外伤鼻饲患者作为研究对象，根据随机数字表法分为对照组与研究组，各31例。对照组给予常规临床护理，研究组在对照组的基础上开展预防性护理，比较两组的护理效果。结果 护理后，研究组的并发症总发生率(3.23%)低于对照组(22.58%)，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组的存活率(100.00%)高于对照组(80.65%)，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组的营养不良情况优于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 预防性护理在特重型脑外伤鼻饲患者中的应用效果显著，有助于改善营养状况，进而降低其并发症发生率，延长患者生存时间，明显提高其存活率。
[关键词]特重型脑外伤;鼻饲;并发症;预防性护理;效果
[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2019)6(c)-0238-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of preventive nursing in nasal feeding patients with severe brain injury. Methods A total of 62 cases of nasal feeding patients with severe brain trauma in our hospital from April 2016 to October 2017 were selected as the study subjects， according to the random number table method， they were divided into the control group and the the study group， 31 cases in each group. The control group was given routine clinical care， and the study group was given preventive nursing on the basis of the control group. The nursing effect of the two groups were compared. Results After nursing， the total incidence of complications in the study group (3.23%) was lower than that in the control group (22.58%)， and the difference was significant (P<0.05). The survival rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group (80.65%)， with significant difference (P<0.05). The condition of malnutrition in the study group was better than that in the control group， the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of preventive nursing in nasogastric feeding patients with severe brain trauma has a significant effect， which is helpful to improve nutritional status， reduce the incidence of complications， prolong the survival time of patients， and significantly improve their survival rate.
[Key words] Severe brain injury; Nasal feeding; Complications; Preventive care; Effect
特重型腦外伤在临床上极为常见，是一种严重复杂性创伤，具有复杂性、多变性等特点，且致残率、病死率均较高，导致患者生活质量、生命安全受到严重损害[1-2]。目前，已有研究指出，由于多数患者处于昏迷状态，其自主进食功能逐渐丧失，进而影响机体营养状况，所以鼻饲逐渐成为满足该病患者营养需求以及维持其营养状况的常用方法，但并发症较多，如误吸、恶心呕吐、脱管、胃潴留等，直接影响患者机体健康安全，不利于患者生存时间的延长[3-4]，因此，积极做好特重型脑外伤鼻饲并发症患者的护理对其预后改善显得尤为重要。本研究以我院特重型脑外伤鼻饲患者为例，向其施行预防性护理，探讨其效果，现报道如下。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料
选取我院2016年4月～2017年10月收治的62例特重型脑外伤行鼻饲患者作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为对照组(31例)与研究组(31例)。对照组中，男17例，女14例;年龄20～67岁;包括7例脑挫裂伤，颅骨骨折13例，硬膜下血肿8例，其他3例。研究组中，男19例，女12例;年龄22～64岁;包括8例脑挫裂伤，颅骨骨折12例，硬膜下血肿9例，其他2例。两组的年龄、性别等一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性。纳入标准：均取强迫体位，且处于昏迷状态;生命体征明显改变。排除标准：合并消化道出血。所有患者家属均对本研究知情同意，且本研究经医院医学伦理委员会审核批准。, http://www.100md.com(万永红 吴顺华 汪君)
[关键词]特重型脑外伤;鼻饲;并发症;预防性护理;效果
[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2019)6(c)-0238-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of preventive nursing in nasal feeding patients with severe brain injury. Methods A total of 62 cases of nasal feeding patients with severe brain trauma in our hospital from April 2016 to October 2017 were selected as the study subjects， according to the random number table method， they were divided into the control group and the the study group， 31 cases in each group. The control group was given routine clinical care， and the study group was given preventive nursing on the basis of the control group. The nursing effect of the two groups were compared. Results After nursing， the total incidence of complications in the study group (3.23%) was lower than that in the control group (22.58%)， and the difference was significant (P<0.05). The survival rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group (80.65%)， with significant difference (P<0.05). The condition of malnutrition in the study group was better than that in the control group， the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of preventive nursing in nasogastric feeding patients with severe brain trauma has a significant effect， which is helpful to improve nutritional status， reduce the incidence of complications， prolong the survival time of patients， and significantly improve their survival rate.
[Key words] Severe brain injury; Nasal feeding; Complications; Preventive care; Effect
特重型腦外伤在临床上极为常见，是一种严重复杂性创伤，具有复杂性、多变性等特点，且致残率、病死率均较高，导致患者生活质量、生命安全受到严重损害[1-2]。目前，已有研究指出，由于多数患者处于昏迷状态，其自主进食功能逐渐丧失，进而影响机体营养状况，所以鼻饲逐渐成为满足该病患者营养需求以及维持其营养状况的常用方法，但并发症较多，如误吸、恶心呕吐、脱管、胃潴留等，直接影响患者机体健康安全，不利于患者生存时间的延长[3-4]，因此，积极做好特重型脑外伤鼻饲并发症患者的护理对其预后改善显得尤为重要。本研究以我院特重型脑外伤鼻饲患者为例，向其施行预防性护理，探讨其效果，现报道如下。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料
选取我院2016年4月～2017年10月收治的62例特重型脑外伤行鼻饲患者作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为对照组(31例)与研究组(31例)。对照组中，男17例，女14例;年龄20～67岁;包括7例脑挫裂伤，颅骨骨折13例，硬膜下血肿8例，其他3例。研究组中，男19例，女12例;年龄22～64岁;包括8例脑挫裂伤，颅骨骨折12例，硬膜下血肿9例，其他2例。两组的年龄、性别等一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性。纳入标准：均取强迫体位，且处于昏迷状态;生命体征明显改变。排除标准：合并消化道出血。所有患者家属均对本研究知情同意，且本研究经医院医学伦理委员会审核批准。, http://www.100md.com(万永红 吴顺华 汪君)